Electron-discharge apparatus



March 18 1924. 1,487,353

H. J. NOLTE ELECTRON DI SCHARGE APPARATUS Filed Sent. 1921 l3 INLET 4OUTLET Insulating material Inventor: Henry J. Nolte.

bg Millw- His Attorney.

Patented Mar. 18, 1924.

UNITED STATES 1,487,353 PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY J. NOLTE, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRICCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRON-DISCHARGE APPARATUS.

t Application filed September a, 1921. Serial no. 499,261.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, HENRY J. NOLTE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady,

a State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements inElectron- Discharge Apparatus, of which the following is aspecification.

My present invention relates to electron W discharge apparatus, and moreparticularly to means for evolving one of the electrodes of suchapparatus.

In a copending application, Serial No.

443,005 filed February 7 1921, ll have de- 1 scribed and claimed anelectron discharge device comprising an evacuated receptacle a portionof which consists of metal and the metal portion of which serves asanode for the device. In the ordinary operation of 1 such a device, alarge amount of heat is produced at the anode, and it is thereforedesirable that means be provided for cooling the anode and maintainingit at a fairly low temperature. The object of my invention is to providea simple and eflicient means for accomplishing this result.

The novel features which I believe to be characteristic of my inventionare set forth with particularity in the appended claims,

W the invention itself, however, both as to its organization and methodof operation will best be understood by reference to the followingdescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which Ihave 35 indicated one form of apparatuswhereby my invention maybecarried into effect.

As indicated in the drawing, the cooling apparatus comprises a container1 for cooling liquid in which the metal portion 2 of the electrondischarge device may be inserted; the portion 3 of the device which isoutside of the container 1 is composed of glass or other vitreousmaterial through which the leading-in conductors 4 for supplying currentto the cathode may besealed. Cool liquid is supplied to the container 1by means of an inlet pipe 5 which discharges near the bottom of thecontainer. The heated liquid in the container which rises toward 1 thetop is carried away through an outlet pipe'6. The inlet and outlet pipes5 and 6 are madeof insulating material and are of such length that thecolumn of liquid therein, which may be ordinary tap water,

will be of high enough resistance to furnish a good insulation betweenthe container 1 and the apparatus by means of which the circulation ofcooling liquid is maintained. This is essential since in the operationof the electron discharge device the anode 2 may have impressed thereona positive potential of several thousand volts with respect to thecathode which may be normally maintained at or near earth potential.

The container 1 is surrounded by a second container 7 and the pipes 5and 6 are enclosed in this second container. They may conveniently becoiled around a cylinder 8 in case they are of rubber and in this waymaintained in their proper position within the container 7. Two shortlengths of metal pipes 9 and 10 are inserted in the wall of thecontainer 7 and the inlet and outlet pipes 5 and 6 are connected tothese short metal pipes. These, metal pipes 9 and 10 pass through andmake good contact with plate 11 which is grounded at 12. By means of thepipes 13 and 14 which are connected to the metal pipes 9 and 10, thecooling liquid may be supplied to the apparatus either by connecting thepipe 13 to a water tap, and the pipe '14 to a drain, or by connectingthese two pipes in a suitable manner to any apparatus whereby a coolingliquid may be continuously supplied through the pipes to thecontainer 1. After the container 1 and the pipes connected thereto havebeen assembled in the container 7, the space within this container willpreferably be filled with some readily fusible insulating material such,for example, as parafiin.

It will be seen that by the arrangement of the apparatus described, itwill be perfectly safe for an operator to connect or disconnect theinlet and outlet pipes 13 and 14 td 95 the cooling ap aratus without anydanger of receiving a s ock from the high potential impressed u on theanode 2.

While I ave shown and described the preferred embodiment of myinvention, it 100 will be apparent that many modifications in thestructural features of the apparatus and the relative location of thedifferent elements may be made without departing from thescope of myinvention as set forth in 105 the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

1. The combination with an electron discharge device having an exhausted'recepno the metal tacle a portion of which consists of metal, the metalportion of said rece tacle forming one of the electrodes of sai device,of a container for a cooling liquid in which the metal portion of saidreceptacle is adapted to be inserted, and means for providing acirculation of the cooling liquid in said container comprising inlet andoutlet pipes of insulating material, said pipes being of such lengththat the columns of cooling liquid contained therein are adapted toeffectively insulate the container and the portion of the receptaclewithin said container from an apparatus by which a circulation ofcooling liquid through said pipes may be maintained.

2. The combination with an electron discharge device having an exhaustedreceptacle a portion of which consists of metal, the metal portion ofsaid receptacle forming one of the electrodes of said device, of acontainer for a cooling liquid in which the metal portion of saidreceptacle is adapted to be inserted, a second container surroundingsaid first container, and means for providing a circulation of thecooling liquid in said first container comprising inlet and outlet pipesof insulating material enclosed within said second container, said pipesbeing of such length that the columns of cooling liquid containedtherein are adapted to effectively insulate the container and theportion of the receptacle within said container from an apparatus bywhich a circulation of cooling liquid through said pipes may bemaintained.

3. The combination with an electron discharge device having an exhaustedreceptacle a portion of which consists of metal, the metal portion ofsaid receptacle forming one of the electrodes of said device, of acontainer for a cooling liquid in which the metal portion of saidreceptacle is adapted to be inserted, a second container surroundingsaid first container, and means for providing a circulation of thecooling liquid in said first container comprising inlet and outlet pipesof insulating material coiled within said container, said pipes being ofsuch length that the columns of coolnflig liquid contained therein areadapted to e ectively insulate the container and the portion of thereceptacle within said container froman ap aratus by which a circulat1onof cooling iquid through said pipes may be maintained.

4. The combination with an electron discharge device having an exhaustedreceptacle a portion ofwhich consists of metal, the metal portion. ofsaid receptacle forming one of the electrodes of said device, of acontainer for a cooling liquid in which pprtion of said receptacle isadapted to inserted, a second container surrounding the first container,and means for providing a circulation of the cooling liquid in saidfirst container comprising inlet and outlet pipes of insulating materialenclosed within said second container, said pipes being of such lengththat the columns of cooling liquid contained therein are adapted toeffectively insulate the container and the portion of the receptaclewithin said container from an apparatus by which a circulation ofcooling liquid through said pipes may be maintained, and said secondcontainer being filled with insulating material in which said pipes areembedded.

5. The combination with an electron dis charge device having anexhausted receptacle a portion of which consists of metal, the metalportion of said receptacle forming one of the electrodes of said device,of a container for a'cooling liquid in which the metal portion of saidreceptacle is adapted to be inserted, a second container surroundingsaid first container, and means for pro viding a circulation of thecooling liquid in said first container comprising inlet and outlet pipesof insulating material enclosed within said second container, said pipesbeing of such length thatthe columns of cooling liquid contained thereinare adapted to effectively insulate the container and the portion of thereceptacle within said container from an apparatusby which a circulationof cooling iquid through said pipes may be maintained, and said secondcon tainer being filled with a readily fusible insulating material inwhich said pipes are embedded.

6. The combination with an electron discharge device having an exhaustedreceptacle a portion of which consists of metal, the metal portion ofsaid receptacle forming one of the electrodes of said device, of acontainer for a cooling liquid in which the metal portion of saidreceptacleis adapted to be inserted, a second container surrounding saidfirst container, and means for providing a circulation of the coolingliquid in said container comprising inlet and outlet pipes of insulatingmaterial enclosed within said second container, said ,pifpes being ofsuch length that the columns of cooling liquid contained therein areadapted to effectively insulate the first container and the portion ofthe receptacle within said container from an apparatus by which acirculation of cooling li uid throu h said pipes may be maintaine andmeta pipes extending through-the wall of said second container andconnected to said pipes of insulating material, said metal pipes beinggrounded.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day ofSgptember, 1921. HENR J. NOLTE.

